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Which one of these is not a patient-centred outcome in the management of COPD?
F
unctional capacity
L
ung function
R
eduction of exacerbations
A
ctivity
One of these statements about the diagnosis of COPD is not true – which is it?
It is always easy to distinguish between COPD and chronic asthma in a smoker
In spirometry, the concept of 'lower limit of normal' airflow obstruction is likely to reduce incorrect diagnosis of COPD
A diagnosis of airflow obstruction is based on
an
FEV
1
/FVC ratio <0.7
Normal spirometry excludes COPD
Which one of these is not a characteristic feature of COPD?
C
ough
P
hlegm production
Atopy
E
xertional breathlessness
Regarding the overall management of COPD, indicate which one of these statements is not true?
Home oxygen should not be provided to people with COPD who continue to smoke
Pulmonary rehabilitation is more effective than many pharmacological interventions
A positive attitude is one of the most important aspects of management
Self-
management can lead to important benefits
The choice of drug treatment depends on disease severit
y and symptom profile. Which one of these statements is not true?
A short-acting bronchodilator for symptom control may be all that is needed in mild disease
Increasing breathlessness indicates the need for regular treatment with a short- or long-acting bronchodilator
Patients with more severe disease and regular exacerbations require additional treatment with an inhaled steroid
Combination inhalers have no role in COPD management
Which one of these statements about smoking cessation is not true?
It reduces long-term mortality
It reduces subsequent decline in lung function
It does not red
uce the rate of hospitalisation
in later life
Smokers who reduce cigarette consumption usually maintain their tar and nicotine intake from fewer cigarettes
One of these statements about pulmonary rehabi
litation is not true - which one
?
It improves exercise capacity and health status
The best form of exercise is strength training supported by anabolic steroids
The benefits of a programme last for at least a year
The results of maintenance programmes have been disappointing
Which one of these statements about inhaled bronchodilators is not true?
The impact of short-acting bronchodilators on quality of life is disappointing
Long-acting bronchodilators are superior to short-acting bronchodilators
The combination of a long-acting anticholinergic agent and a twice-daily long-acting beta-agonist is more effective than monotherapy
Theophyllines no longer have a role in COPD management
Which one of these statements about inhaled steroids is not true?
If started early in the course of COPD, they arrest the decline in lung function
They reduce exacerbation rate in patients with frequent exacerbations
They do not reduce mortality in patients with FEV
1
<60%
The total daily dose of beclometasone or budesonide
should be at least 800
µg
, and 500
µg
for fluticasone
One of these st
atements is not true - which one
?
Ideally, patients should be able to try different inhalers and select the one they prefer
The effectiveness of mucolytics is synergistic with that of inhaled steroids
Some individuals achieve greater subjective benefit from a nebuliser than a hand-held device
Mucolytics do not reduce long-term decline in lung function
Regarding home oxygen therapy, which one of these statements is untrue?
It lengthens survival when taken for at least 15 hours per day in patients with
P
a
O
2
<7.3
kPa
The patient may or may not feel a subjective benefit
Ambulatory oxygen does not improve endurance
Short-burst oxygen therapy is appropriate as part of palliative care
One of these st
atements is not true - which one is it?
Patients with severe emphysema, predominant upper lobe disease and mar
ked exercise impairment are more
likely to
benefit from lung volume-
reduction surgery than those with very low oxygen diffusion or widespread emphysema
Appropriate treatment for an exacerbation is generally an aminopenicillin, or a macrolide for patients allergic to penicillin
A short course of oral steroids increases the speed of recovery from acute exacerbation
The frequency of exacerbations is independent of the severity of lung function impairment
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